Shuttlesworth embraced that philosophy, even though his own personality was combative, headstrong and sometimes blunt-spoken to the point that he frequently antagonized his colleagues in the Civil Rights Movement as well as his opponents. Birth Year: 1922. Freddie Lee Robinson was born in Mount Meigs, Alabama, on March 18, 1922. Fred Shuttlesworth on Bombings and Beatings in 1950s Birmingham. However, the actions of supporters like Shuttlesworth gave James Farmer, the leader of C.O.R.E., which had originally organized the Freedom Rides, and other activists the courage to press forward. to organize the Rides and became engaged with ensuring the success of the rides, especially during their stint in Alabama. [18], In 1998, South Crescent Avenue in Cincinnati was renamed in his honor.[19]. Fred Shuttlesworth, original name in full Freddie Lee Robinson, (born March 18, 1922, Mount Meigs, Alabama, U.S.died October 5, 2011, Birmingham, Alabama), American minister and civil rights activist who established, with Martin Luther King, Jr., and others, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and who worked to end segregation in the South. The couple survived, and when a doctor remarked that Shuttlesworth was lucky to have avoided a concussion, Shuttlesworth said, "Doctor, the Lord knew I lived in a hard town, so he gave me a hard head. His natural charisma and talent . Fred Shuttlesworth tags: confrontation, evil, protest. Palmer encouraged Shuttlesworth to attend Cedar Grove Academy, a local bible college. $475,000. In later years he took part in commemorative activities in Selma at the time of the anniversary of the famous march. On October 5, 2011, Shuttlesworth died at the age of 89 in his hometown of Birmingham, Alabama. Prompted by the removal of a non-cancerous brain tumor in August of the previous year, he gave his final sermon in front of 300 people at the Greater New Light Baptist Church on March 19, 2006the weekend of his 84th birthday. YouTube Ron Stallworth showing his KKK membership card. THE DIGITAL REPOSITORY FOR THE BLACK EXPERIENCE. Fred L. Shuttlesworth, a storied civil rights leader who survived beatings and bombings in Alabama a half-century ago as he fought against racial injustice alongside the Rev . Shuttlesworth got his license as a country preacher when he was changing from a Methodist to a Baptist Christian. Freedom riders: 1961 and the struggle for racial justice. Fred Shuttlesworth, original name in full Freddie Lee Robinson, (born March 18, 1922, Mount Meigs, Alabama, U.S.died October 5, 2011, Birmingham, Alabama), American minister and civil rights activist who established, with Martin Luther King, Jr., and others, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and who worked to end segregation in the South. 6164. Books by Fred Shuttlesworth. Photo: David Bains (2019). The organization operated primarily in the South and . In 1953, Shuttlesworth became pastor at Birmingham's Bethel Baptist Church where he started fighting for civil rights in the city. In 1963, Shuttlesworth was set on provoking a crisis that would force the authorities and business leaders to recalculate the cost of segregation. In 1961 Shuttlesworth moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he founded the Greater New Light Baptist Church in 1966. In 1998, Shuttlesworth became an early signer and supporter of the Birmingham Pledge, a grassroots community committed to combating racism and prejudice. Frederick Lee "Fred" Shuttlesworth (born Fred Lee Robinson, March 18, 1922 - October 5, 2011) was a U.S. civil rights activist who led the fight against segregation and other forms of racism as a minister in Birmingham, Alabama.He was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham . It used both litigation and direct action to pursue its goals. Fred Shuttlesworth To: Birmingham City Commissioners Date: December 1, 1958 Special Attention: Mr. Eugene Connor Gentlemen: As free and law abiding Citizens of Birmingham and . 4. Rev. 816 Sq. As a result, in 1961, Shuttlesworth moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, to take up the pastorage of the Revelation Baptist Church. He and his second wife, Sephira, moved to downtown Birmingham where he was receiving medical treatment. In December of that year, the United States Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation in Montgomery, Alabama, was illegal. Shuttlesworth organized the Greater New Light Baptist Church in 1966. Birthplace: Mugler, Ala. Died: 10/5/2011. His mother, Alberta Robinson, later married William Shuttlesworth, a farmer. In Birmingham Shuttlesworth became increasingly involved with the civil rights movement. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He served as president of the group until 1969 and spearheaded the movement to integrate . He worked closely with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., co-founding the SCLC and organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham, refusing to waver even after multiple attacks. The White House Office of the Press Secretary, Fred Shuttleswoth's oral history video excerpts, Fred Shuttleswoth in The Road to Equality roundtable discussion, Historically black colleges and universities, Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH), National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC), Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), Black players in professional American football, John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights, Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States, Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement, Green v. County School Board of New Kent County, Council for United Civil Rights Leadership, Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, "Woke Up This Morning (With My Mind Stayed On Freedom)", List of lynching victims in the United States, Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, African American founding fathers of the United States, Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument, Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fred_Shuttlesworth&oldid=1139057683, Activists for African-American civil rights, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, White, Marjorie, Manis, Andrew, eds. It has since then been used for programs in all fifty states and in more than twenty countries. Shuttlesworth with chains and bats and stabbed his wife after the couple attempted to enroll their daughters in an all-white high school. The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute announced that it intends to include Shuttlesworth's burial site on the Civil Rights History Trail. On October 27, 2008, the airport was officially changed to BirminghamShuttlesworth International Airport. While Connor's direct police tactics intimidated black citizens of Birmingham, they also created a split between Connor and the business leaders. 1701. Revs. 2, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his stepfather's stature, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls his teacher at Oxmoor Elementary School, pt. 733, The University of Alabama Press, 2002. [28], He is buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery in Birmingham.[29]. Governor George Wallace ordered the troopers to admit only white pupils to the school. Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. Event End Date: May 10, 1963. ", 3. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Fred Shuttlesworth was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, and continued to work against racism and for alleviation of the problems of the homeless in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up a pastorate in 1961. All Rights Reserved. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. Sign up to receive The Atlanta Black Star Newsletter in your inbox. American minister and civil rights activist. Fred Shuttlesworth. Like "Boys step back. As pastor of Birmingham, Alabama's First Baptist Church, Shuttlesworth organized the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights in 1956. Rosa Parks's Symbolic Bus Ride, 1956Made famous by Rosa Parks's refusal to give her seat to a white man, the Montgomery bus boycott was one of the defining events of the civil rights movement. On January 8, 2001, he was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Bill Clinton. Even as the business class was beginning to see the end of segregation, Connor was determined to maintain it. Shuttlesworth attended Oxmoor Elementary School where he was mentored by teacher Israel Ramsey. Shuttlesworth was married to Ruby Keeler Shuttlesworth, with whom he had four children: Patricia Shuttlesworth Massengill, Ruby Shuttlesworth Bester, Fred L. Shuttlesworth Jr., and Carolyn Shuttlesworth. On October 5, 2011, Shuttlesworth died at the age of 89 in his hometown of Birmingham, Alabama. Similarly, while Connor may have benefited politically in the short run from Shuttlesworth's and Bevel's determined provocations, they also fit into Shuttleworth's long-term plans. Shuttlesworth immediately announced that the ACMHR was going to test segregation laws in Birmingham. The ACMHR raised almost all of its funds from local sources at mass meetings. Oxford UP. QUICK FACTS. | African American Registry", "Cincinnati street's name honors a King associate", "O'Connor wins top honor at Jefferson Awards fete", "City voters repeal amendment on gay rights", "Coming to terms with gay issues: Region leans toward tolerance, not acceptance", "Fred L. Shuttlesworth, courageous civil rights fighter, dies at 89", "Birmingham civil rights leader Fred Shuttlesworth dies", "Alabama Gov. Shuttlesworth, who landed in the basement and whose bedroom was blown apart, and visiting Deacon Charles Robinson were unharmed. AL Department of Archives & History. Maintaining his cover, though that would take work. This was an insightful and interesting read about a conflict regarding equal rights between the late 1950's and early 1960's. The setting takes place in the deep south of Birmingham, Alabama. Rev. Reverend Frederick Lee "Freddie" Shuttlesworth was a major leader in the civil rights movement. Also . 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